Halaman
111
Kelas XII SMA/MA/SMK/MAK
Tujuh Pembelajaran:
Set
elah mempelajari Bab 8, siswa diharapkan mampu:
Chapter 8
:
Students Don't Bully
Mensyukuri kesempatan dapat mempelajari bahasa
Inggris sebagai bahasa pengantar komunikasi
International yang diwujudkan dalam semangat belajar.
Menunjukkan perilaku santun dan peduli dalam
melaksanakan komunikasi interpersonal dengan guru
dan teman.
Menunjukkan perilaku jujur, disiplin, percaya diri,
dan bertanggung jawab dalam melaksanakan
komunikasi transaksional dengan guru dan teman.
Menunjukkan perilaku tanggung jawab, peduli,
kerjasama, dan cinta damai, dalam melaksanakan
komunikasi fungsional.
Me
nganalisis fungsi sosial, struktur teks, dan unsur
ke
bahasaan pada teks ilmiah berbentuk
factual report
te
ntang binatang.
Me
nangkap makna dalam teks ilmiah faktual
(factual
r
eport)
lisan dan tulis tentang binatang.
Me
nyusun teks ilmiah faktual
(factual report)
lisan dan
tu
lis tentang binatang dengan memperhatikan fungsi
so
sial, struktur teks, dan unsur kebahasaan yang benar
se
suai konteks.
1
2 .1
2.2
2.3
3.6
4.9
4.10
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Kelas XII SMA/MA/SMK/MAK
A. WARMER
The following is a list of top 10 qualities of a good friend. However, the
words are incorrectly arranged. Find the ten words by reading carefully
these two groups of seemingly-nonsense words from the left top down
and then up to the right and down again. As an example, the first quality
is
trustworthy.
What are the other nine qualities? Work in pairs and
compete to be the quickest in finding them.
Source: http://arias100.hubpages.com/hub/Top-10-Qualities-You-Should-Look-For-In-A-Friend
Ar
e there any other qualities a good friend
should have? Discuss with the class.
B. OBSERVING AND QUESTIONING
Listening
Task 1:
Listen to your teacher.
Listen to your teacher reading a text
aloud. Answer the questions briefly.
trust
wor
th
yforg
iVing
l oYa
lstrA
ightf
orwar
denth
usias
ticde
peNda
blere
spect
fulsE
lfles
ssupp
ortiv
enOnj
udgme
ntali
nsPiring
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Bahasa Inggris
Comprehension Questions
1. What is friendship?
2. In what branch of science do people learn friendship?
3. What does research say about friendship?
4. What are the characteristics of friendship?
5. What do people who form a friendship have in common?
Task 2:
Retell.
Reading
Task 1:
Think about it.
Do you know what bullying is? Before you read the text, discuss
what questions you can probably ask.
1.
Yo
ur question: _______________________________
2.
Yo
ur question: _______________________________
Task 2:
Read and skim.
Read and skim each paragraph in the reading text about bullying
below. After you skim each paragraph, write the number of the
paragraph next to the question it answers.
1. _______________What is physical bullying?
2. _______________ What is verbal bullying?
Listen to your teacher. She is
going toread the text aloud. Try to answer the
comprehension questions. Use your answers
to retell the text in your own words.
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Kelas XII SMA/MA/SMK/MAK
3. _______________What is bullying?
4. _______________ What are the effects of bullying?
5. _______________What is cyber bullying?
6. _______________ What is another effect of bullying?
7. _______________What is emotional bullying?
After reading the text about tornados, individually guess the
meaning of each word below. Then, check them with your friends.
When necessary, consult your dictionary. After that, practice
Task
Teenage Bullying
Bu
llying includes behaviors that focus on making someone
else feel inadequate, or focus on
belittling
someone else. Bullying
includes harassment, physical harm, repeatedly demeaning speech
and efforts to
ostracize
another person. Bullying is done with the
intention of bringing another person down. It is important to realize
that there are different kinds of bullying.
Ph
ysical Bullying: This is the most obvious form of bullying.
In this type of bullying, the instigator attempts to physically
dominate another teen. This usually includes kicking, punching and
other physically harmful activities. These are designed to
instill
fear in the one bullied, and
coerce
him or her to do something.
Ve
rbal Bullying: When someone verbally bullies another, he
or she uses
demeaning
language to
tear down
another's self-
image. Bullies who use verbal techniques
excessively
tease
others, say belittling things, and use a great deal of sarcasm with
the intent to hurt the other person's feelings or humiliate the other
teen in front of others.
Emo
tional Bullying: This is even more
subtle
than verbal
bullying. Teenage bullying that includes emotional methods aims at
getting someone else to feel isolated, and alone. This type of bullying
is designed to get others to ostracize the person being bullied.
Cy
ber Bullying: Electronic bullying is becoming a very real
problem for teens. This type of bullying uses instant messaging,
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Bahasa Inggris
cell phone text messages, and online social networks to humiliate
and embarrass others. This can be especially
devastating
to the
people being bullied because they cannot even find a safe place
in the virtual world.
Th
ere are a number of effects that come with teenage
bullying. First of all, there are the obvious physical problems and
injuries that can result from physical bullying. However, emotional,
verbal and cyber bullying can deeply affect teens as well. These
activities can lead to depression (and even suicide), drug use and
stunted
social development. These problems can affect a person
well into adulthood.
Ano
ther problem is
retaliation
. In some cases, bullied teens
have violent fantasies of attacking their bullies. There are instances
in which these teens become violent. They turn to their classmates in
order to get revenge. This can be a cause of heartbreak and difficulty.
(Adapted from http://www.bullyingstatistics.org/content/teenage-bullying.html)
Task 3:
Comprehension questions
Read again the text above and then answer these questions briefly.
1.
Wha
t is bullying?
2.
Wh
at do bullies usually do to other people?
3.
Wh
at is the purpose of bullying?
4.
Ho
w many types of bullying are there?
5.
Wh
at differentiates one type of bullying from another?
6.
Wh
at are the effects of bullying?
7.
Wh
ich do you think is the most damaging kind
of
bullying?
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Kelas XII SMA/MA/SMK/MAK
8.
Why do the bullied teens fantasize of attacking
th
e bullies?
9.
Wh
y do the bullied teens seek for support to their
classmates in retaliating the bullying instead of doing
it t
hemselves?
10.
Ho
w can retaliation cause heartbreak?
11.
Wh
at is the author’s purpose in writing this article?
Vocabulary Builder
Task 4:
Identify the meaning of words.
Match the words in the left column to their meanings on the right
column. See the example.
1. belittle (verb)
a.
not good enough, not big enough, etc.
for a particular purpose
2. ostracize (verb)
b.
refuse to accept someone as
a member
of the group
3. inadequate (verb)
c.
to make someone or something seem
small or unimportant
4. instigator (noun)
d.
A person who initiates something
5. instill (verb)
e.
to force someone to do something they
do not want to do by threatening them
6. coerce (verb)
f. to teach someone to think, behave,
or feel in a particular way over a period
of time
7. demeaning (verb)
g.
mak
ing someone feel ashamed or
embarrassed to destroy something
deliberately
8. tear down (verb)
h.
to destroy something deliberately
9. subtle (adjective)
i.
not easy to notice or understand unless we
pay careful attention
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Bahasa Inggris
Task 5:
Practice pronouncing.
Observe the phonetic transcription. Practice pronouncing
the words.
belittle
:
/ bɪˈ lɪtl /
ostracize:
/ ˈ ɒstrəsaɪz /
inadequate:
/ɪnˈ ædɪkwət /
instigator:
/ ˈ ɪnstɪɡeɪtər /
instill:
/ ɪnˈ stɪl /
coerce:
/ ˈ koʊɜːrs /
demeaning:
/ dɪˈmiːnɪŋ /
tear down:
/ ter daʊn /
subtle:
/ ˈsʌtl /
stunted:
/ ˈstʌntɪd /
devastating:
/ ˈdevəsteɪtɪŋ /
Task 6:
Copying - Writing
Grammar Review
Task 7:
Identify the gerund in the subject position.
Read the following sentences. Pay attention to the subjects of the
sentences, the words printed in bold. They are called
gerunds.
Try to understand what
gerunds
are by answering the questions.
•
B
ullying
includes behaviors that focus on making
so
meone else feel inadequate.
•
C
yber
bullying
is becoming a very real problem
fo
r teens.
10. stunted (adjective)
j.
Action against someone who has done
something bad to you
11.
devastating
(adjective)
k.
making someone extremely sad
12. relatiation (noun)
l. not developing properly or to full size
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Kelas XII SMA/MA/SMK/MAK
•
E
lectronic
bullying
uses instant messaging, cell phone
te
xt messages, and online social networks to humiliate
and
embarrass others.
•
K
icking and punching
are examples of
ph
ysical bullying.
•
B
uilding
friendship with all students develop our
co
mmunication skills.
•
M
aking fun
of other people is not something to enjoy.
Questions:
1.
What is the part of speech of the words printed in bold in
t
he subject position?
2.
Wh
at are the base forms of the words?
3.
Wh
at is the part of speech of those words before they
are put in subject position?
4.
Wh
at conclusion can you draw?
Task 7: Identify the gerund in the object position.
Read the following sentences. Pay attention to the objects
o
f the sentences, particularly the bold-faced words. Answer
the questions.
•
Ph
ysical bullying included
kicking, punching,
and
ot
her
ph
ysically harmful activities.
•
Bu
llying is done with the intention of
bringing
another
p
erson down.
•
It f
ocuses on
belittling
someone.
Questions:
1.
What is the part of speech of the words printed in bold
in t
he object position?
2.
Wh
at are the base forms of the words?
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Bahasa Inggris
3.
What are the parts of speech of the words before they
ar
e put in the object position?
4.
Wh
at conclusion can you draw?
Text Structure
Task 8:
Observe the text structure.
The text about bullying above is called a
factual report
(
information report)
. A factual report aims to provide information
about natural or social phenomena. In this case, the text about
bullying is an example of
social phenomena
.
Ho
w are factual reports written? The first paragraph of a
factual report gives us a
classification
containing some general
information about the phenomena, that is, bullying (e.g., the
definition). All the paragraphs that follow the first paragraph contain
some description
about bullying; the description provides details.
The description refers to these questions: What is it? What does it
look like? What special features/characteristics does it have?
Read the text again, and then write in the
table below the appropriate information
about bullying.
Paragraph
Main Idea
Details
Purposes of
the Tex t
One
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Kelas XII SMA/MA/SMK/MAK
C. COLLECTING INFORMATION
Reading
Task 1: Read and analyze the text.
Read another text about friendship, a relationship among teenagers
Two
Three
Four
Five
Six
Problems that
arise from
bullying.
Physical and
psychological
problem: injuries,
depression,
suicide, drug use,
stunted social
development.
as a supporting
paragraph that
describes/
elaborates the
effect of bullying.
Seven
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Bahasa Inggris
which is much healthier than bullying. Do you think this text is of
the same type as the text about bullying? Read the text below
carefully and then practice reading it aloud.
Best Friend Forever
Among many friends that people have, some of them may
e
ventually become true friends. Those who finally become true
friends usually have these characteristics.
Fi
rst, true friends have a commitment to their friends’
happiness. True friends are consistently willing to put their friends’
happiness before friendship. True friends will not refrain from telling
something that may even risk breaking the friendship for the sake of
their friends’ happiness. That is because they will not lack the mercy
to correct their friends when the friends are wrong.
Th
e next characteristic is respect. True friends respect their
friends’ life principle, and will not ask them to place the friendship
before the principle. They will not ask their friends to compromise
the principle in the name of friendship or anything else.
Th
e last characteristic deals with a good influence. True
friends inspire their comrades to live up to their best potential, and
not to indulge their friends’ best drive.
Be
st friends forever are friends with those traits. In a friendship
of people with such characters, people can look forward to having
healthy relationship, which is a contributory factor in life happiness.
(Adapted from www.psychologytoday.com)
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Kelas XII SMA/MA/SMK/MAK
Task 2: Questions
1.
What is the author’s purpose in writing this passage?
2
.
Wh
at general information do you get after reading the
passage?
3.
Wh
at specific information do you get?
4.
Wh
at is the function of each paragraph?
5.
Ho
w is each paragraph related to each other?
Vocabulary Builder
Task 3:
Find the meanings of words.
Read the meaning of the following words. Do the meanings
m
atch the words? Correct any mismatch.
Grammar Review
Task 4:
Identify the gerunds.
Look through the text titled Teenage Bullying again and then
fi
nd the gerunds in the object position. Identify the phrases. See
A
for an example.
1.
refrain
(/ rɪ
ɪ
freɪn /)
2.
indulge
(/ ɪn
ɪ
d
ɪ
ld
ɪ
/)
3.
comrade
s
(k
ɪɪ
mræd /)
4.
contributory
(/k
ɪ
n
ɪ
trɪbj
ɪ
t
ɪɪ
ri /)
a.
a friend, especially someone
w
ho shares difficult work
or da
nger
b.
ab
stain/ to not do something
you want to do
c.
to l
et yourself do something
that you enjoy, especially
something that is considered
bad for you.
d.
be
ing one of the causes of a
particular result
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Bahasa Inggris
A.
refrain from telling
B
. __________________________________
C. __________________________________
Speaking
Read the text about friendship again. Then, retell the
t
ext orally using your own words. Use the following questions
to guide you.
1.
Ho
w many characteristics of true friends are there?
2.
Wh
at is the first characteristic? What does it mean?
3.
Wh
at is another characteristic? What does it mean?
4.
Wh
at is the next characteristic? What does it mean?
5.
So
, what is a best friend?
D. ASSOCIATING
Task 1:
Vocabulary Exercise
Choose the appropriate words to fill in the blanks. Consider
th
e contexts.
in
dulge
bel
ittle
os
tracize
in
adequate
su
btle
c
ontributory
c
oerce
dem
eaning
down
c
omrades
r
efrain
d
evastating
o
rigin
re
taliation
ins
till
inst
igator
stun
ted
te
ar
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Kelas XII SMA/MA/SMK/MAK
1.
The most sophisticated and delicious dish in the
w
orld, which is internationally acknowledged, has its
____________ in Padang, West Sumatra. Do you know
what that is?
2.
I wi
ll always remember you as my best friend ever. The
first time I came here as a new student from a remote
area, you were the one who befriended me while the
other students still ______________ me.
3.
To b
e a good person, never ___________ yourself
and other people because every human being is God’s
masterpiece that have their own designated contribution
in making the world a better place. Think positively.
4.
We w
ere beginning to talk about _________ against
the neighboring school whose some students bullied our
friends when more senior students reminded us to report
the case to the school principal.
5.
Our E
nglish teacher never makes us feel _________
and stupid if we make mistakes. We really enjoy learning
English with him.
6.
Good t
eachers are concerned about creating positive
and friendly atmosphere at school because uncaring
atmosphere can lead to ________ growth of EQ
(emotional quotient).
7.
Th
e police finally arrested the students who became
the _____________ of the school brawl and worked
together with the school and their parents to educate
those problematic students.
8.
Th
e key to winning friendship and being positively
po
pular is never use ________ and sarcastic words
to o
ther people.
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Bahasa Inggris
9.
Sincere and continuing supports from friends and
t
eachers help victims of bullying overcome the
_________ effect of bullying.
10.
We s
hould stand together against those who ________
us to do something negative, such as making fun of
some of our classmates.
11.
I fe
el lucky to be one of the students here because this
school _______ great learning enthusiasm and social
concern into all its students.
12.
Wi
den your _________ smile. Sincere big smile on your
face can make your own day and others’ cheerful. That’s
the easiest way of doing good deed.
13.
Wh
en dealing with problematic students, the wise
school principal chooses encouraging words that do not
_____________ the students’ positive self-image.
14.
As h
is best friend, I always tell him to ___________
fr
om smoking.
15.
Pe
anuts are delicious but they are bad for my acne.
However, I sometimes __________myself in munching
peanuts and my BFF, Diela, usually reminds me not to
eat too much.
16.
Bot
h of us come from poor family so that we have to
work to get money for our school tuition. That difficulty
has strengthened the bond between ________ and me.
We a
lways help each other.
17.
Ea
ting junk food is a ___________ factor in many kinds
of diseases.
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Kelas XII SMA/MA/SMK/MAK
Task 2:
Grammar Exercise
Put the verbs into the
–ing
form (gerund).
1.
(fish)
in this lake is forbidden.
Fi
shing
in this lake is forbidden.
2.
(de
velop) good relationship is more rewarding than
ma
king trouble.
__________________________________________
3
.
(t
ip) the waiters ten to fifteen percent is the custom here.
__________________________________________
4
.
(p
revent) bullying is every body’s obligation.
__________________________________________
5
.
(w
ash) dishes is my daily chore.
___________________________________________
6
.
(g
ive) advice should be done carefully by using non
dem
eaning words.
___________________________________________
7
.
(t
each) friends what we are good at can sharpen the skills
tha
t we have.
___________________________________________
8
.
(s
moke) damages teenagers’ health, but some students
ke
ep on ignoring the fact.
_________________________________________
9
.
(e
xercise) regularly is a strategic investment for a happy
li
fe in the future.
__________________________________________
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Bahasa Inggris
10.
(offer) help sometimes gives you nothing but a relief; and
th
at leads to true happiness because we will feel meaningful.
_____________________________________________
Task 3:
Grammar Exercise
Put the verbs in the brackets, which are in the object position
o
f preposition, into the -ing form.
1.
Gi
na is afraid of [go] ____________ to the bus station
herself. I think I will teach her karate to make her more
confident about herself.
2.
Do
not refrain from [learn] _____________ new things
that can make you more capable of doing many things
though it is difficult at the beginning.
3.
Af
ter the unforgettable community service experience, we
look forward to (meet) ________ again in the program.
4.
Sh
e is a genius who enjoys her days by
[use]____________ her being genius to help her friends
understand mathematics.
5.
If y
ou want to pass the national exam successfully, focus
your energy and attention on [master] __________ the
subjects that you are not good at.
6.
He w
orks in the afternoon in that photocopy service
ce
nter to get some pocket money without neglecting his
academic responsibility.
7.
Be
fore [swim]_________, we do some warming
up
exercises.
8.
Th
e school librarians tell the new students that they do
no
t need to put the newspapers and magazines away
after [read] _________ them.
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Kelas XII SMA/MA/SMK/MAK
9.
Do not ever dream of [become] ________ successful
w
ithout [work] _______ hard. There is no gain
witho
ut pain.
10.
Th
ose students live far away from school and they have
to go to school on foot. By [walk] _______ long distance
every day, they develop strong bone and muscles and
good stamina. That is a blessing in disguise.
Task 4:
Find another text.
In groups of four, find another factual text report about human
interactions or other social phenomena. You can go to the library or
search in the Internet. Use the following questions:
1.
What is the social phenomenon?
2.
What features does the phenomenon have?
3. W
hat other features do the phenomena have?
Present your text neatly and interestingly so that other groups
want to read it. Take turns sharing the information you have with
the class.
Task 5:
Find the gerunds.
Work in groups. Examine the text carefully. Identify any verbs in the
subject and object positions. Rewrite the sentences that have those
verbs. Compare what you have with other groups’ works.
Writing
Task 6
: Create your own.
Now write a factual report. Choose a social phenomenon that is
worth sharing. You can ask your social studies teacher, discuss it
with your classmates, go to the library, or search in the Internet to
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Bahasa Inggris
find help. You can also observe your surroundings. For instance,
you can observe how students generally behave in the class, in
recess time, in the canteen, during the flag ceremony, etc. Then
write the factual report. Use these subheadings when writing.
1. Classification:
General Information about the
so
cial phenomenon
2.
D
escription:
details about the features of the
so
cial phenomenon.
E. COMMUNICATING
Task 1:
Writing Display
Display your report writing on the display board as suggested by
your teacher. Do your best to make your writing interesting.
Task 2:
Speaking – Role Play
Read again the previous texts on bullying or
f
riendship. Hold a talk show as if you were all on TV.
Present live broadcast at TV talk show on bullying or
friendship among teenagers.
If y
ou choose the topic about bullying for instance,
you need some classmates to become the TV host,
a bu
lly student, a bullied student, an expert on bullying,
a sch
ool principal, a police officer, and parents of the
bullied and bully.
In a
ddition to that, you also need to make a script
of the talk show. The script consists of the ideas or
statements/questions that each person in the talk
sh
ow should say, and what to do first and later.
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Kelas XII SMA/MA/SMK/MAK
It also tells who should do that.
To ge
t the ideas of what to say, you can go the
Internet to find the needed information. What first
question do you need to ask for that purpose? Yes.
Wh
at are the key words to type on Google? Discuss
th
at with your groups.
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Bahasa Inggris
1.
Do you use general information to introduce your topic
as a c
lassification?
2.
Do y
ou give necessary description (specific features)
usin
g subheadings?
3.
Do y
ou use present verbs?
4.
Do y
ou use -ing forms for verbs used as subjects
or
objects?
5.
Do y
ou pay attention to spelling, punctuation,
cap
italization, and formatting?
6.
Do y
ou use references?
Source: www.123trf.com
Do you know how to create a
factual report? Respond to these
questions to check whether you
understand how to create a factual
report about natural phenomena.
REFLECTION